Tensor Calculus 0: Introduction

eigenchris · 426K views · 2018 · 12:43

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University lectures & coursesFundamental physicsPure mathematicscourse

Why Physics Stack Exchange recommends it

Physics Stack Exchange users link it when someone needs a clear, intuitive route into tensors, covariance and contravariance, especially for general relativity.

Recommended by 1 people across 1 different months, 2020 to 2022.

What it is

The first video in eigenchris's Tensor Calculus series, a short introduction to what the series will cover and why tensors matter in physics. It is a narrated, slide-based explainer aimed at viewers who already know basic linear algebra and calculus.

What people said

Recommends Tachyon · 2021-10 · Physics Stack Exchange · on “Visualizing Tensors in the simplest possible way”

This video might help: [this video] I recommend watching the video from the beginning after you watch the part I timestamped and all of this person's videos as they help you understand tensors in a nice way (assuming you have learned and understand the math).

Cites AccidentalTaylorExpansion · 2020-05 · Physics Stack Exchange · on “How can I calculate curvature in space which can be used in formula of general theory of relativity?”

I don't know exactly what you're after but I'll try. The Schwarzschild metric [LINK] describes the metric outside of a spherically symmetric body. Like a planet or black hole. $$g=-\left(1-\frac {r_s}r\right)c^2dt^2+\left(1-\frac {r_s}r\right)^{-1}dr^2+r^2\left(d\theta^2+\sin^2(\theta)\ d\phi^2\right)$$ You can loosely write this as a matrix: $$g_{\mu\nu}=\pmatrix{\left(1-\frac {r_s}r\right)c^2&&\\ &\left(1-\frac {r_s}r\right)^{-1}&\\ &&r^2&\\ &&&r^2\sin^2\phi\\ }$$ You would then have to calculate the Christoffel symbols [LINK] . These tell you a lot about how vectors change when you move in your spacetime. $$\Gamma^\lambda_{\mu\nu}=\tfrac 1 2g^{\lambda\alpha}\left(\frac{\partial g_{\nu\alp

Cites Unmaxed · 2022-11 · Physics Stack Exchange · on “Help to understand $\mu\nu$ notation and differential forms”

Superscript vs Subscript Indices I don't understand QFT that well but I have a decent understanding of GR and tensor calc. In the case of GR, subscript and superscript indices signify covariance and contravariance respectively which are linear transformation concepts. In a vector space, tensor components (which include vectors) are considered covariant if they change using the same linear transformation as basis vectors. This can be thought of as tensor components also increasing when basis vectors increase under a change in unit length. For example: a 1-form ω (aka a covector), which is expanded the following way in a vector space V , $$\omega=\omega_\mu\epsilon^\mu$$ contain components whi